Buerger's disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans or thromboangiitis, is a serious inflammatory disease of small and medium-sized arteries and veins, especially in the legs. More rarely, the arteries in the hand also become narrowed or blocked, causing insufficient blood supply to the fingers. Severe blockage leads to finger pain and tissue death, necessitating amputation of the affected finger. Inflammation of the superficial veins and symptoms of Raynaud's disease also occur. The pathology is characterized by the destruction of the lumen of blood vessels, which can cause ischemia (lack of blood supply) and tissue necrosis. Some possible causes of Buerger's disease: smoking; genetic predisposition; autoimmune process; age - the disease most often occurs in young patients, usually under the age of 50; hormonal factors; viral infection; chronic stress; infectious agents - some bacteria or other infectious agents may play a role in the development of the disease; systemic connective tissue disease; Arterial hypertension - High blood pressure can increase the risk of developing Buerger's disease.
signs:
- leg pain
- pain in the toes
- finger pain
- swelling of the big toe
- ankle swelling
- hair fall
- leg cramp
- increased concentration of protein in the urine - proteinuria
- cold feet
- lameness
- erectile dysfunction
- skin ulcers
- ulcers on the legs
De Quervain's disease is an inflammatory disease of the tendons of the thumb, which is indicated by pain in the wrist area. This pathology was first described by the Swiss surgeon Fritz de Quervain in 1895. He performed an operation to release the compressed tendon. De Quervain's disease is more common in women and is caused by prolonged stress on the hands and thumbs due to repetitive wrist movements. For example, when constantly using a smartphone, holding a heavy object with one hand. The risk of developing the syndrome increases in representatives of professions related to active work with hands - hairdressers, tailors, builders, pianists. Also a risk factor is pregnancy and the postpartum period, rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanism of development of the pathological condition is as follows. The tendon of the wrist extensor muscle passes under the retinaculum ligament on the dorsal surface of the lower third of the forearm. In this area there are 6 channels through which the tendon slides. With frequent hand movements, increased friction of this tendon against the canal wall occurs. As a result, swelling develops, causing narrowing of the canal, which interferes with the normal sliding of the tendon, and leads to acute pain in the wrist when moving the thumb.
signs:
- pain with significant extension and abduction of the thumb
- wrist pain
- finger pain
- forearm pain
- finger deformities
- burning in the wrist
- numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- hand swelling
- finger stiffness
- decreased finger strength
- reduced range of motion
Bursitis is inflammation of the bursa that surrounds the joint. As a rule, this disease affects the large joints of the upper leg. Finger bursae can also be affected, but this happens less often. During an exacerbation of bursitis, applying cold will help: the pain will decrease and the inflammation will decrease. For chronic forms of the disease, physiotherapy and drug injections are prescribed. In more advanced cases, doctors use surgical intervention.
signs:
- finger pain
- finger swelling
- redness of the skin
- bursa thickening
Secondary syphilis is the second stage of infection caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease. Secondary syphilis develops several weeks or months after the primary infection (primary syphilis) and is characterized by the spread of the infection throughout the body. Cause: The cause of secondary syphilis is the continuation of infection with the bacteria Treponema pallidum after the primary stage of syphilis. Here are some factors that can contribute to the development of secondary syphilis: inadequate or insufficient treatment of primary syphilis, non-compliance with treatment, late initiation of treatment, unprotected sex with an infected partner; weak immunity.
signs:
- white coating on the tongue
- pain in the toes
- finger pain
- Headache
- red eye (hyperemia)
- unusual whiteness
- shivering and trembling
- swollen toes
- finger swelling
- rash
- swollen lymph nodes
A dislocated finger is a pathological condition in which the articular surfaces of the phalanges of the fingers are displaced and no longer congruent with each other. Fingers are more commonly affected than toes. A sprained finger can occur in any joint of any finger, but most often occurs in the middle joint of the little, ring, middle, or index fingers. Dislocated fingers are always caused by the force exerted on the nail phalanges. For example: while playing sports, the ball may hit an outstretched fingertip; fell upon the outstretched arm. The cause of injury to the finger is usually a domestic or sports injury: forced hyperextension or a blow to the finger area. A dislocated toe occurs as a result of jumping or falling. .
signs:
- finger pain
- finger deformities
- numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- finger swelling
- finger stiffness
- decreased finger strength
- throbbing in the knuckles
Diabetic neuropathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus, the causes of which may include: prolonged high blood sugar levels, inadequate treatment of diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders, damage to nerve cells and blood vessels, genetic predisposition, autoimmune reactions, chronic stress, insufficient physical. movement, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, eating disorders, metabolic syndrome, high cholesterol, hypertension, obesity, age-related changes, infections, inflammatory processes in the body, long-term use of certain drugs and circulatory disorders.
signs:
- finger pain
- diarrhea - diarrhea
- burning sensation in the lower part of the leg
- delayed ejaculation
- difficulty urinating
- itchy skin
- numbness in the toes
- numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- numbness in the hands - paresthesia
- loss of bowel control
- loss of sensation in the legs
- loss of sensation in the hands
- finger stiffness
- leg cramp
- fast heartbeat - tachycardia
- cold feet
- lameness
- chronic constipation
- excessive sweating - hyperhidrosis
Hannail is the formation of purulent inflammation on the skin or mucous membrane, caused by the penetration of bacteria into a small affected area, and can be caused by the following reasons: trauma or damage to the skin, infection with staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria, pneumococci, fungal infections, periodontitis, conditionsimmunodeficiency, wounds after surgery, burns, wounds from animal bites, dental infections, improper diet, gum disease, abrasions or cracks on the skin, weak immunity, self-scratching (self-harm), hypovitaminosis, poor personal hygiene, contraceptive usewhich is incorrect, contact with contaminated objects, a broad spectrum of antibiotics, dysfunction of the lymphatic system and damage to mucous membranes.
signs:
- finger pain
- skin inflammation - eczema
- skin thinning
- brittle hair and nails
- redness of the skin
- dry skin
Dupuytren's contracture, also known as Dupuytren's disease, is an abnormal thickening of the fascia, a layer of tissue under the skin, in the palm of the hand at the base of the fingers. This thickened area may take the form of dense lumps or bands. Over time, it leads to the curvature of one or more fingers, pulling them to the side or inside the palm. The ring and little finger are most commonly affected. In many cases, both hands are affected. In rare cases, the legs may be affected. Dupuytren's contracture is inherited. The exact cause of the disease is unknown. It may be caused by smoking, alcohol addiction, diabetes, nutritional deficiencies or medications used to treat seizures. The disease usually begins in middle age. More common in men than women. Smokers and people with diabetes have a higher risk of developing this disease.
signs:
- pain in one of the arms
- finger pain
- pain in hand
- finger deformities
- muscle weakness
- finger swelling
- finger stiffness
- weakness in hands
- lump or lump
Radial nerve neuropathy is a dysfunction of the radiocarpal nerve. The following conditions can put pressure on the radial nerve, causing pinched nerves and neuropathic pain: radial tunnel syndrome; radial nerve palsy; Wartenberg syndrome. Other causes of radial nerve problems include: infection; excessive injury or prolonged pressure on the hand due to a cast or splint; complications from surgery such as shoulder replacement; injuries, including accidents, gunshots and stab wounds; tumor or cyst. A broken arm or dislocated shoulder can damage the radial nerve.
signs:
- wrist pain
- pain in hand
- elbow pain
- finger pain
- forearm pain
- pain in hand
- limited wrist mobility
- limited hand mobility
- hand swelling
- loss of sensation in the hands
- hand stiffness
Onychodystrophy is a condition characterized by changes in the structure, color or shape of the nails, and the cause may be due to trauma or damage to the nail plate, infections such as fungal infections or bacterial paronychia, poor circulation in the nail area, congenital nail abnormalities, susceptibility to substanceschemical or physical conditions of the nail such as exposure to harsh chemicals or trauma from repeated blows, immune system disorders, inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis or eczema, autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis, dermatological conditions such as lichen flat or pyoderma, endocrine disorders such as diabetesor hypothyroidism, effects of medications such as retinoids or chemotherapy, bad habits such as irregular nail handling or nail biting, metabolic disorders, vitamin or mineral deficiencies, especially iron or zinc, stress or psychological factors, systemic diseases such as scleroderma or systemic leukemia, oncological processes in the body, increased moisture loss or dehydration, prolonged continuous exposure to moisture or exposure of nails to mechanical stress.
signs:
- finger pain
- wrinkles on the skin
- skin inflammation - eczema
- skin thinning
- brittle hair and nails
Panaritium is an inflammatory disease that affects the fingers or toes. Pathological causes include trauma, infection through microtrauma, improper handling of sharp objects, damage to nails, insect bites, poor hygiene, diabetic neuropathy, immunodeficiency conditions, chemical exposure, contact with contaminated water, alcohol or drug intoxication, professioncertain related to contact with dangerous substances, systemic connective tissue diseases, circulatory disorders, endocrine disorders, autoimmune diseases, ARVI and other infectious diseases, circulatory disorders, damage to arteries and veins, chronic organ diseases such as the liver and kidneys, aging.
signs:
- finger pain
- pain in hand
- pustules
- finger deformities
- itchy skin
- brittle hair and nails
A finger fracture is a violation of the integrity of the bones in one of the fingers of the upper limb. Finger fractures can vary in nature and location. Closed fractures occur as a result of trauma, such as falling on the hand or squeezing a finger. An open fracture is characterized by bone protruding through the skin, which can occur with serious trauma, such as an accident or injury with a sharp object. A basal phalangeal fracture is usually caused by a blow to the top of the finger, such as from a hammer. Fractures of the middle phalanx can be caused by a direct blow to the middle of the finger or strong compression. Fractures of the distal phalanx can occur as a result of trauma, such as a fall or a hard blow to the tip of a finger. Stress fractures are often associated with repetitive or overuse microtrauma, such as in athletes or those who frequently use their arms for repetitive movements.
signs:
- finger pain
- bony protrusion from the skin
- finger swelling
- redness of the skin
- finger stiffness
A wrist joint injury is an injury that can affect both bony tissue and soft joints, including bones, tendons, ligaments and muscles. Wrist sprains occur when ligaments are torn due to overstretching, physical impact, or falls. Wrist sprain syndrome is a disorder of the wrist, also called ulnar abduction, that occurs when the ulna is slightly longer than the radius. It usually develops after a wrist fracture has healed in an atypical way and makes the wrist joint between this bone and the wrist bone less stable. Wrist arthritis can occur in any wrist joint due to normal wear and tear or injury to the wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compressed. It may be caused by repetitive strain on the wrist, high blood pressure, or diabetes.
signs:
- wrist pain
- pain in hand
- finger pain
- limited wrist mobility
- limited hand mobility
- hand swelling
- hand stiffness
Finger polyarthritis is inflammation of three or more joints at the same time. There are more than 100 types of polyarthritis with different causes and treatments. The most common are: rheumatoid polyarthritis and psoriatic polyarthritis. Finger polyarthritis can be caused by the following reasons: wear of the phalangeal joint due to excessive load; age; injury; autoimmune diseases; genetic predisposition, family history; muscle weakness. Symptoms of polyarthritis usually develop over time, but can also appear suddenly. The usual age to develop rheumatoid arthritis is between 30 and 50 years. However, it can also affect children, teenagers and young adults. Osteoarthritis usually develops after the age of 50 or 60, but there are studies showing radiographic signs of osteoarthritis in women as early as 40.
signs:
- pain with significant extension and abduction of the thumb
- finger pain
- finger deformities
- curvature of the little finger and ring finger
- numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- finger swelling
- finger stiffness
- throbbing in the knuckles
A sprain in the soft tissues of the hand is a violation of the integrity of ligaments, tendons or muscles. The most susceptible to sprains are ligaments. Soft tissue strains can occur when a joint becomes twisted in an unnatural way due to a sudden twist caused by a fall. The most common injuries to the soft tissues of the hand are injuries to muscles, tendons and ligaments. These injuries often occur during sports and exercise, but sometimes simple everyday activities can cause injuries. Sprains, strains, bruises, as well as tendonitis and bursitis are the main forms of injury.
signs:
- wrist pain
- pain in hand
- finger pain
- limited wrist mobility
- limited hand mobility
- hand swelling
- hand stiffness
Rheumatoid arthritis of the hands is a chronic inflammatory disease that can affect more than just the joints. In some people, this condition can cause damage to various body systems, including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart and blood vessels. An autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis in the hands occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks tissues in the body itself. Factors that increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: gender - women are more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis; age - rheumatoid arthritis of the hands and fingers can occur at any age, but most often it begins to develop in middle age; family history - the risk of developing the disease increases if at least one blood relative has rheumatoid arthritis; smoking - due to the use of nicotine, rheumatoid arthritis develops faster and occurs with more acute symptoms; Being overweight – Patients who are overweight are at a slightly higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.
signs:
- pain in hand
- finger pain
- high temperature - hyperpyrexia
- finger deformities
- shivering and trembling
- finger swelling
- loss of appetite
- trouble grasping objects with your hands
- hand stiffness
- finger stiffness
- decreased finger strength
Sickle cell anemia is a pathology that belongs to the group of hereditary diseases. This disease affects the shape of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all parts of the body. Red blood cells are usually round and flexible, so they move easily through the blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, some red blood cells are shaped like a sickle or a crescent moon. Sickle cells also become stiff and sticky, which can slow or block blood flow. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in the gene that controls the production of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin allows red blood cells to carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Abnormal hemoglobin causes red blood cells to become stiff, sticky and damaged. For a child to have the disease, both parents must carry one copy of the sickle cell gene—also known as sickle cell trait—and pass both copies of the altered form on to the child.
signs:
- chest ache
- bone pain (ossealgia)
- finger pain
- joint pain - arthralgia
- "sausage" type finger inflammation.
- stunted
- iron deficiency - anemia
- leg swelling
- finger swelling
- hand swelling
- yellowing of the skin and pupils - jaundice
- loss of consciousness - fainting
- decreased vision
- fast heartbeat - tachycardia
- chronic fatigue - increased fatigue
Thrombosis is complete or partial blockage of the vessel lumen by parietal or mobile thrombus. Thrombosis in a vein is caused either by venous congestion due to prolonged immobility, increased blood clotting due to chemical imbalance, or damage to the vein. Most cases of thrombosis in the arteries are the result of atherosclerosis, the hardening and narrowing of the arterial walls. There are also certain risk factors that can increase your chances of developing a blood clot: older age; pregnancy; some birth control medications; hormone replacement therapy; lack of physical activity; obesity; smoking; infection; autoimmune diseases; hand injuries; surgery; hereditary vascular disease; previous blood clots.
signs:
- finger pain
- pain in hand
- shortness of breath - dyspnea
- numbness in the hands - paresthesia
- hand swelling
Preeclampsia is a complication that occurs in the late stages of pregnancy. It is one of the factors that cause finger swelling. In addition, this problem is characterized by: frequent headaches, abnormal swelling of the face and fingers, blurred vision, weight gain, and abdominal pain. Early treatment of preeclampsia is important to ensure a safe pregnancy and birth. It includes taking medications, constant monitoring by a doctor, and in rare cases, early birth.
When should you see a doctor if you have pain in your finger?
You should make an appointment with your doctor if:
- pain in the finger is severe or interferes with normal activities;
- pain increases at night;
- pain does not decrease after home treatment for a week;
- there is tingling or loss of sensation in the hands;
- have a history of diabetes;
- can't move your thumb or hold objects;
- phalanges change shape or color.
Diagnostics
Based on the results of the initial examination, the doctor may prescribe:
- stool analysis for dysbacteriosis
- blood analysis
- vitamin D test
- arthroscopy
- biopsy
- skin biopsy
- lymph node biopsy
- blood chemistry
- bronchoscopy
- dermatoscopy
- duplex scanning of the lower leg
- immunological studies
- polymerase chain reaction test
- Finkelstein's research
- Eichhof's research
- skin test
- computed angiography
- computed angiography of the lower leg
- chest computed tomography
- hand computed tomography
- computed tomography of the lung
- computed tomography of the lymph nodes
- computed tomography of the wrist joint
- computed tomography of the neck vessels
- magnetic resonance imaging of the hand
- magnetic resonance imaging of lymph nodes
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist joint
- cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
- magnetic resonance imaging of the joint
- microscopic examination of smears
- radiography
- chest x-ray
- X-ray of hand
- chest x-ray
- X-ray of the wrist joint
- lower extremity radiographs
- Finger X-ray
- finger radiography
- X-ray of the esophagus
- serological test
- thoracentesis
- ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity
- Ultrasound examination of the upper veins
- brain ultrasound examination - neurosonography
- Ultrasound examination of the hand
- Ultrasound examination of the wrist joint
- Ultrasound examination of the soft tissues of the hand and arm
- ultrasound examination of the spleen
- Ultrasound examination of the heart - echocardiography
- chest fluorography
- electroneuromyography
How to relieve pain in the finger?
The following tips can help relieve finger pain at home:
- use an ice compress for 20 minutes every 2-3 hours;
- painkillers;
- stop or reduce activities that cause pain, such as typing, using a vibrating device for work, or playing a musical instrument;
- do not take a hot shower, do not go to the sauna or bathhouse for the first 2-3 days after the injury;
- do not lift heavy objects.